During the production process of the 3C manufacturing industry (computers, communications, and consumer electronics), multiple steps generate smoke, harmful gases, and odors.
1. Injection Molding (Enclosures/Structural Parts)
Pollutants:
Plastic Volatiles: Heating of materials such as ABS, PC, and PP releases VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) such as benzene, toluene, and ethylbenzene.
Odors: Pungent odors (such as hydrogen chloride, or HCl) produced by the decomposition of plastics at high temperatures.
2. SMT (Surface Mount Technology)
Pollutants:
Soldering Fumes: Tin and lead particles and rosin volatiles (VOCs) generated by reflow/wave soldering.
Solvent Emissions: Odor-inducing gases such as butanone and isopropyl alcohol in solder paste.
3. Spraying and UV Coating (Enclosures/Panels)
Pollutants:
Paint Mist Particles: PM2.5/PM10 suspended particles generated by spraying.
Solvent Emissions: VOCs such as toluene, xylene, and ethyl acetate.
4. Metal Processing (Stamping/CNC)
Pollutions:
Metal dust: Micron-sized particles generated by cutting aluminum and magnesium alloys.
Oil mist: Oily aerosol formed by the evaporation of cutting fluid.
5. Laser Marking/Cutting (Enclosures/Components)
Pollutions:
Smoke: Nanoparticles (including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)) generated by the high-temperature carbonization of plastics and metals.
Toxic gases: Hydrogen chloride (HCl) and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) are released when cutting PVC.
6. Battery Assembly (Lithium-ion Batteries)
Pollutions:
Electrolyte evaporation: Carbonate solvents (DMC, EC) and trace amounts of HF gas.
Dust: Dust from positive and negative electrode materials (lithium cobalt oxide, graphite).
7. Cleaning and Decontamination (PCBs/Precision Components)
Pollutions:
Acid mist: Acidic gases emitted by hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid cleaning solutions.
Solvent vapors: Toxic volatiles such as ethanol, acetone, and trichloroethylene.
8. Burn-in Test
Contaminants:
Trace gases: Ozone (O₃) released by heating electronic components and volatile plastics.
